H. D., David Bacon &c. went
to Gloucester to visit Mark Miller and. Tho Redman, who are confined in the
Jail, for reading a Testimony from the meeting for Sufferings, and for refusing
to take the Test proposed to them.2
_______________
2 The government of
Pennsylvania was in 1776 administered by the Assembly, but the Whigs urged the
adoption of a new constitution, and delegates assembled who authorized a
convention for the purpose soon after the Declaration of Independence was
issued. The convention passed ordinances imposing a State tax, and authorizing
the arrest of suspicious persons. The Assembly, some of whose members were
Friends, adopted resolutions reprobating them. The convention was called for
the express and exclusive purpose of framing a constitution, not for the
passing of laws. Acts were passed requiring the citizens to renounce their
allegiance to the British Crown, and to declare their loyalty to the new
government. The Yearly Meeting of Philadelphia adopted a minute in which they
said, "We are united in judgment that, consistent with our religious
principles, we cannot comply with the requisitions of those laws,. and as
in some places fines and taxes have been imposed on those who, from
conscientious scruples, refuse or decline making such declarations, it is the
united sense and judgment of this meeting that no Friend should pay any such
fine or tax."
Congress in August, 1777, being
very much prejudiced against the Friends, reported by a Committee, "That
the several testimonies which have been published since the commencement of the
present contest with Great Britain and America, and the uniform tenor of the
conduct and conversation of a number of persons of considerable wealth, who
profess themselves to belong to the society of people commonly called Quakers,
render it certain and notorious that those persons are with much rancor and
bitterness disaffected to the American cause. That, as those persons will have
it in their power, so no doubt it will be their inclination to communicate
intelligence to the enemy, and in various other ways to injure the counsels and
arms of America. That when the enemy in the month of December 1776 were bending
their progress towards the City of Philadelphia, a certain seditious publication
addressed, 'To our Friends and Brethren in religious profession in these and
the adjacent provinces,' signed, John Pemberton, in and on behalf of the
Meeting for Sufferings, held at Philadelphia, for Pennsylvania and New Jersey,
the 20th of the Twelfth month 1776, was published, and as the committee were
credibly informed, circulated among many members of the society called Quakers,
throughout the different States. That as the seditious paper aforesaid
originated in the City of Philadelphia, and as the persons whose names are
undermentioned have uniformly manifested a disposition highly inimical to the
cause of America, therefore Resolved, That it be earnestly recommended to the
Supreme Executive Counsel of the State of Pennsylvania to apprehend and secure
the persons of," etc., etc.
SOURCE: Henry D. Biddle,
Editor, Extracts from the Journal of Elizabeth Drinker from 1759
to 1807, A.D., pp. 43-4